College of Engineering and Informatics NUI Galway

Definition
A pc is a programmable digital camera designed to admit data, perform prescribed mathematical and rational operations at high speed, and screen the results of these procedures, all under the control of software. Mainframes, desktop and laptop computers, tablets and smartphones are a few of the several types of personal computers. An electric machine which assists with solving problems efficiently. It solves problems according to instructions directed at it by the computer customer called programs or software. It is an electronic machine(that uses binary digits) found in all field

Automation
Most humans have a problem with math. Showing this, try doing 584 x 3,220 in your mind. It is hard to keep in mind all the steps! People made tools to help them remember where they were in a math problem. The other problem people have is that they need to do the same problem again and again and over again. A cashier were required to make change every day in her mind or with a piece of paper. That took lots of time and made faults. So, people made calculators that does those same things again and again. This part of computer history is called the "history of automatic calculation," which is a fancy phrase for "the annals of machines that make it easy for me to get this done same maths problem over and over without making blunders."The abacus, the glide guideline, the astrolabe and the Antikythera device (which dates from about 150-100 BC) are types of automated computation machines.

Programming
People do not need a machine that would do a similar thing over and over again. For example, a music package is a machine that plays the same music again and again. Some people wanted to have the ability to notify their machine to do different things. For example, they wanted to notify the music container to experience different music each and every time. They wished to be able to program the music package- to order the music package to play different music. This part of computer history is named the "history of programmable machines" which really is a fancy saying for "The history of machines that I can order to do different things if I learn how to speak their language."One of the first examples of this is built by Hero of Alexandria (c. 10-70 AD). He built a mechanised theatre which performed a play enduring 10 minutes and was managed by a intricate system of ropes and drums. These ropes and drums were the terminology of the machine- they advised what the machine did so when. Some people argue that this is the first programmable machine.Historians disagree on which early machines are "personal computers". Many say the "castle clock", an astronomical clock developed by Al-Jazari in 1206, is the first known programmable analog computer. The space of night and day could be altered every day to be able to take into account the changing measures of day and night over summer and winter. Some matter this daily modification as education.Others say the first computer was made by Charles Babbage. Ada Lovelace is known as to be the first programmer.

The Computing Era
By the end of the center Ages, people in Europe thought math and engineering were more important. In 1623, Wilhelm Schickard made a mechanised calculator. Other Europeans made more calculators after him. These were not modern computers because they could only add, subtract, and increase- you cannot change what they did to make them take action like play Tetris. As a result of this, we say they were not programmable. Now technicians use computers to design and plan.In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard used punched paper cards to share his textile loom what kind of pattern to weave. He could use punch cards to see the loom what to do, and he could change the punch cards, which means he could program the loom to weave the routine he wanted. This means the loom was programmable.Charles Babbage wanted to make an identical machine which could calculate. He called it "The Analytical Engine".[8] Because Babbage didn't can pay for and always changed his design when he previously an improved idea, he never built his Analytical Engine.As time went on, computer systems were used more. People get tired easily doing the same thing over and over. Imagine spending your daily life writng down things on index credit cards, holding them, and then needing to go find them again. The U.S. Census Bureau in 1890 had hundreds of men and women doing that. It was expensive, and reviews took a long time. Then an engineer exercised steps to make machines execute a lot of the work. Herman Hollerith created a tabulating machine that could automatically add up information that the Census bureau collected. The Processing Tabulating Recording Corporation (which later became IBM) made his machines. They leased the machines rather than selling them. Designers of machines got long helped their users understand and repair them, and CTR's tech support was especially good.Because of machines such as this, new means of talking to these machines were created, and new types of machines were developed, and finally the computer as we realize it was born.

Analog and Digital Computers
In the first one half of the 20th century, scientists began using computers, usually because scientists acquired a great deal of math to figure out and wished to spend more of their own time thinking about science questions rather than expending hours adding numbers along. For example, if they had to kick off a rocket ship, they needed to do a whole lot of math to ensure the rocket performed right. So they come up with personal computers. These analog computers used analog circuits, which made them very difficult to program. Inside the 1930s, they created digital pcs, and soon made them better to program. Financial firms not the case as many consecutive tries have been designed to bring arithmetic logic to l3.Analogue computers are mechanised or electronic devices which solve problems. some are being used to regulate machines.