College of Engineering and Informatics NUI Galway

Definition
A pc is a programmable electronic device designed to recognize data, perform approved mathematical and rational operations at broadband, and display the results of these functions, all under the control of software. Mainframes, desktop and laptop computers, tablets and smartphones are a few of the various types of computer systems. An electric machine which assists with solving problems quickly and easily. It solves problems according to instructions directed at it by the computer end user called programs or software. It is an electronic machine(that uses binary digits) found in all field

Automation
Most humans have trouble with math. To show this, try doing 584 x 3,220 in your head. It is hard to keep in mind all the steps! People made tools to help them remember where they were in a mathematics problem. The other problem people have is that they have to do the same problem again and again and over again. A cashier were required to make change every day in her head or with a bit of paper. That needed lots of time and made flaws. So, people made calculators that performed those same things again and again. This part of computer background is called the "history of robotic calculation," which really is a fancy term for "the annals of machines that make it possible for me to get this done same maths problem over and over without making flaws."The abacus, the slide rule, the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which times from about 150-100 BC) are examples of automated calculation machines.

Programming
People do not want a machine that would do a similar thing over and over again. For instance, a music field is a machine that takes on the same music again and again. Some people wanted to be able to tell their machine to do various things. For instance, they wanted to notify the music box to experience different music every time. They wanted to be able to program the music field- to order the music container to play different music. This part of computer record is named the "history of programmable machines" which is a fancy word for "The annals of machines that I could order to do various things if I know how to speak their terms."Among the first types of this was built by Hero of Alexandria (c. 10-70 Advertising). He built a mechanised movie theater which performed a play prolonged 10 minutes and was operated by a complicated system of ropes and drums. These ropes and drums were the terminology of the machine- they informed what the device did and when. Some people claim that this is the first programmable machine.Historians disagree on which early machines are "pcs". Many say the "castle clock", an astronomical clock created by Al-Jazari in 1206, is the first known programmable analog computer. The length of night and day could be adjusted every day to be able to take into account the changing measures of day and night throughout the year. Some count this daily adjustment as education.Others say the first computer was created by Charles Babbage. Ada Lovelace is considered to be the first programmer.

The Computing Era
At the end of the Middle Ages, people in European countries thought mathematics and engineering were more important. In 1623, Wilhelm Schickard made a mechanised calculator. Other Europeans made more calculators after him. These were not modern computers because they could only add, subtract, and multiply- you could not change what they does to make them do something like play Tetris. Because of this, we say these were not programmable. Now designers use computers to design and plan.In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard used punched newspaper cards in order to his textile loom the type of structure to weave. He might use punch cards to tell the loom what to do, and he could change the punch credit cards, this means he could program the loom to weave the routine he wanted. This implies the loom was programmable.Charles Babbage wanted to make an identical machine that may calculate. He called it "The Analytical Engine".[8] Because Babbage didn't have enough money and always transformed his design when he previously a much better idea, he never built his Analytical Engine motor.As time went on, computer systems were used more. People get bored stiff easily doing a similar thing again and again. Imagine spending your life writng down things on index credit cards, saving them, and then having to go find them again. The U.S. Census Bureau in 1890 experienced hundreds of men and women doing that. It had been expensive, and records took a long time. Then an engineer worked out steps to make machines execute a lot of the work. Herman Hollerith invented a tabulating machine that could automatically add up information that the Census bureau collected. The Computing Tabulating Recording Firm (which later became IBM) made his machines. They leased the machines rather than selling them. Manufacturers of machines had long helped their users understand and repair them, and CTR's technology support was especially good.Because of machines such as this, new means of talking to these machines were developed, and new types of machines were created, and finally the computer as we realize it was created.

Analog and Digital Computers
Inside the first 50 percent of the 20th century, scientists started out using computers, usually because scientists experienced a whole lot of math to figure out and wanted to spend more of their own time thinking about research questions rather than expending hours adding numbers collectively. For example, if they had to kick off a rocket ship, they needed to do a lot of math to make certain the rocket did the trick right. So they come up with computers. These analog pcs used analog circuits, which made them very difficult to program. Inside the 1930s, they invented digital computer systems, and soon made them easier to program. However this is false as much consecutive makes an attempt have been made to bring arithmetic logic to l3.Analogue personal computers are mechanised or gadgets which solve problems. some are being used to control machines.