Information Technology Mercy College

Definition
A computer is a programmable electronic device designed to allow data, perform prescribed mathematical and rational operations at high speed, and screen the results of these businesses, all under the control of software. Mainframes, desktop and laptop computers, tablets and smartphones are some of the different types of computers. An electronic machine which helps in solving problems efficiently. It solves problems according to instructions directed at it by the computer end user called programs or software. It is a digital machine(that uses binary digits) used in all field

Automation
Most humans have trouble with math. Showing this, try doing 584 x 3,220 in your mind. It is hard to remember all the steps! People made tools to help them remember where these were in a mathematics problem. The other problem folks have is that they need to do the same problem over and over and once more. A cashier were required to make change every day in her mind or with a bit of paper. That required a lot of time and made blunders. So, people made calculators that performed those same things again and again. This part of computer record is called the "history of automated calculation," which really is a fancy expression for "the annals of machines that make it possible for me to do this same maths problem again and again without making errors."The abacus, the slip guideline, the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which schedules from about 150-100 BC) are types of automated computation machines.

Programming
People do not need a machine that would do the same thing again and again. For example, a music container is a machine that performs the same music again and again. Some people wished to have the ability to inform their machine to do various things. For example, they wanted to inform the music package to play different music each and every time. They wanted to have the ability to program the music container- to order the music field to play different music. This part of computer record is named the "history of programmable machines" which really is a fancy key phrase for "The history of machines that I can order to do different things if I know how to speak their vocabulary."Among the first examples of this is built by Hero of Alexandria (c. 10-70 Advertising). He built a mechanical theater which performed a play enduring 10 minutes and was managed by a complex system of ropes and drums. These ropes and drums were the dialect of the machine- they advised what the device did and when. Some people claim that this is the first programmable machine.Historians disagree which early on machines are "computer systems". Many say the "castle clock", an astronomical clock developed by Al-Jazari in 1206, is the first known programmable analog computer. The length of night and day could be changed every day to be able to account for the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year. Some count number this daily modification as computer programming.Others say the first computer was created by Charles Babbage. Ada Lovelace is considered to be the first programmer.

The Computing Era
At the end of the center Ages, people in Europe thought math and anatomist were more important. In 1623, Wilhelm Schickard made a mechanised calculator. Other Europeans made more calculators after him. These were not modern personal computers because they could only add, subtract, and multiply- you could not change what they performed to make sure they are take action like play Tetris. As a result of this, we say they were not programmable. Now technical engineers use computers to design and plan.In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard used punched paper cards to see his textile loom what kind of style to weave. He could use punch cards to tell the loom what to do, and he could change the punch cards, which means he could program the loom to weave the routine he wanted. This means the loom was programmable.Charles Babbage wished to make a similar machine which could estimate. He called it "The Analytical Engine".[8] Because Babbage did not can pay for and always transformed his design when he previously an improved idea, he never built his Analytical Engine.As time continued, computer systems were used more. People get bored stiff easily doing a similar thing over and over. Imagine spending your daily life writng down things on index cards, stocking them, and then needing to go find them again. The U.S. Census Bureau in 1890 acquired hundreds of folks doing just that. It was expensive, and reports took quite a while. Then an engineer exercised how to make machines execute a lot of the work. Herman Hollerith invented a tabulating machine that would automatically accumulate information that the Census bureau collected. The Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (which later became IBM) made his machines. They leased the machines rather than selling them. Manufacturers of machines experienced long helped their users understand and repair them, and CTR's technical support was especially good.Due to machines such as this, new means of speaking with these machines were created, and new types of machines were invented, and eventually the computer as we realize it was born.

Analog and Digital Computers
Within the first one half of the 20th hundred years, scientists started using computers, mostly because scientists possessed a whole lot of math to figure out and wanted to spend more of their time thinking about technology questions rather than spending hours adding numbers collectively. For example, if indeed they had to release a rocket ship, they needed to do a lot of math to be sure the rocket proved helpful right. So they put together personal computers. These analog computers used analog circuits, which made them very difficult to program. Within the 1930s, they created digital computer systems, and soon made them simpler to program. Financial firms false as many consecutive endeavors have been made to bring arithmetic logic to l3.Analogue computer systems are mechanised or electronic devices which solve problems. some are used to control machines.