Information Technology NUI Galway

Definition
Your computer is a programmable electronic device designed to recognize data, perform prescribed mathematical and rational operations at high speed, and screen the results of the operations, all under the control of software. Mainframes, desktop and laptop computers, tablets and smartphones are some of different types of computers. An electronic machine which assists with solving problems quickly and easily. It solves problems regarding to instructions given to it by the computer end user called programs or software. It is a digital machine(that uses binary digits) used in all field

Automation
Most humans have trouble with math. To show this, try doing 584 x 3,220 in your mind. It really is hard to remember all the steps! People made tools to help them bear in mind where they were in a math problem. The other problem folks have is that they need to do the same problem again and again and over again. A cashier had to make change every day in her brain or with a piece of paper. That needed a lot of time and made problems. So, people made calculators that do those same things over and over. This part of computer record is called the "history of automatic calculation," which is a fancy saying for "the annals of machines which make it possible for me to get this done same maths problem over and over without making blunders."The abacus, the slip guideline, the astrolabe and the Antikythera system (which dates from about 150-100 BC) are types of automated computation machines.

Programming
People do not need a machine that would do a similar thing again and again. For instance, a music field is a machine that takes on the same music again and again. Some people wanted to have the ability to tell their machine to do different things. For example, they wished to inform the music pack to experiment with different music each time. They wanted to be able to program the music pack- to order the music package that can be played different music. This part of computer history is named the "history of programmable machines" which is a fancy expression for "The history of machines that I can order to do various things if I learn how to speak their dialect."Among the first types of this is built by Hero of Alexandria (c. 10-70 Advertisement). He built a mechanised theatre which performed a play sustained 10 minutes and was controlled by a complicated system of ropes and drums. These ropes and drums were the terminology of the machine- they told what the device did so when. Some people dispute that is the first programmable machine.Historians disagree which early machines are "personal computers". Many say the "castle clock", an astronomical clock developed by Al-Jazari in 1206, is the first known programmable analog computer. The length of day and night could be fine-tuned every day in order to account for the changing lengths of day and night over summer and winter. Some count this daily modification as computer programming.Others say the first computer was created by Charles Babbage. Ada Lovelace is considered to be the first programmer.

The Processing Era
At the end of the Middle Age ranges, people in European countries thought mathematics and anatomist were more important. In 1623, Wilhelm Schickard made a mechanical calculator. Other Europeans made more calculators after him. These were not modern pcs because they could only add, subtract, and increase- you could not change what they performed to make sure they are do something like play Tetris. As a result of this, we say they were not programmable. Now engineers use computers to create and plan.In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard used punched paper cards to see his textile loom what kind of pattern to weave. He might use punch cards to inform the loom what to do, and he could change the punch credit cards, this means he could program the loom to weave the structure he wanted. This implies the loom was programmable.Charles Babbage wished to make an identical machine which could compute. He called it "The Analytical Engine".[8] Because Babbage didn't have enough money and always evolved his design when he previously a much better idea, he never built his Analytical Engine unit.As time went on, computer systems were used more. People get weary easily doing the same thing again and again. Imagine spending your life writng down things on index credit cards, keeping them, and then having to go see them again. The U.S. Census Bureau in 1890 got hundreds of people doing just that. It had been expensive, and records took quite a while. Then an engineer exercised steps to make machines do a lot of the work. Herman Hollerith created a tabulating machine that would automatically accumulate information that the Census bureau accumulated. The Computing Tabulating Recording Company (which later became IBM) made his machines. They leased the machines rather than selling them. Makers of machines had long helped their users understand and repair them, and CTR's technology support was especially good.Because of machines like this, new means of talking to these machines were created, and new types of machines were invented, and eventually the computer as we know it was created.

Analog and Digital Computers
In the first one half of the 20th hundred years, scientists started using computers, usually because scientists acquired a great deal of math to figure out and wished to spend more of their own time thinking about research questions rather than spending hours adding numbers together. For example, if indeed they had to kick off a rocket dispatch, they needed to do a whole lot of math to be sure the rocket performed right. So they put together personal computers. These analog computer systems used analog circuits, which made them very hard to program. Within the 1930s, they invented digital pcs, and soon made them much easier to program. Financial firms false as much consecutive endeavors have been designed to bring arithmetic logic to l3.Analogue personal computers are mechanical or gadgets which solve problems. some are being used to control machines.