College of Engineering and Informatics NUI Galway

Definition
A pc is a programmable digital camera designed to allow data, perform recommended mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these procedures, all under the control of software. Mainframes, desktop and laptops, tablets and smartphones are some of the different types of computer systems. An electric machine which assists with solving problems quickly and easily. It solves problems according to instructions given to it by the computer customer called programs or software. It is a digital machine(that uses binary digits) used in all field

Automation
Most humans have a problem with math. Showing this, try doing 584 x 3,220 in your mind. It is hard to keep in mind all the steps! People made tools to help them keep in mind where these were in a mathematics problem. The other problem folks have is that they need to do the same problem over and over and once more. A cashier were required to make change every day in her head or with a bit of paper. That had taken lots of time and made errors. So, people made calculators that have those same things over and over. This part of computer record is called the "history of robotic calculation," which really is a fancy term for "the history of machines that make it possible for me to do this same maths problem again and again without making flaws."The abacus, the glide guideline, the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which schedules from about 150-100 BC) are examples of automated computation machines.

Programming
People do not want a machine that would do the same thing over and over again. For instance, a music box is a machine that plays the same music over and over again. Some people wished to be able to inform their machine to do different things. For example, they wished to tell the music box to try out different music every time. They wished to be able to program the music pack- to order the music field that can be played different music. This part of computer history is named the "history of programmable machines" which is a fancy saying for "The history of machines that I can order to do different things if I know how to speak their dialect."One of the first types of this is built by Hero of Alexandria (c. 10-70 AD). He built a mechanised theatre which performed a play long lasting ten minutes and was managed by a complicated system of ropes and drums. These ropes and drums were the terms of the machine- they told what the machine did and when. Some people claim that is the first programmable machine.Historians disagree on which early machines are "pcs". Many say the "castle clock", an astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari in 1206, is the first known programmable analog computer. The distance of day and night could be altered every day in order to account for the changing measures of day and night throughout the year. Some count number this daily modification as computer programming.Others say the first computer was created by Charles Babbage. Ada Lovelace is considered to be the first programmer.

The Computing Era
By the end of the Middle Age ranges, people in European countries thought mathematics and anatomist were more important. In 1623, Wilhelm Schickard made a mechanical calculator. Other Europeans made more calculators after him. These were not modern computers because they could only add, subtract, and increase- you cannot change what they have to make sure they are do something like play Tetris. As a result of this, we say these were not programmable. Now technical engineers use computers to design and plan.In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard used punched newspaper cards to share his textile loom what kind of pattern to weave. He might use punch cards in order to the loom how to proceed, and he could change the punch credit cards, which means he could program the loom to weave the structure he wanted. This means the loom was programmable.Charles Babbage wished to make an identical machine that could analyze. He called it "The Analytical Engine".[8] Because Babbage didn't have enough money and always modified his design when he had a much better idea, he never built his Analytical Engine.As time continued, computers were used more. People get tired easily doing a similar thing over and over. Imagine spending your life writing things down on index credit cards, keeping them, and then having to go see them again. The U.S. Census Bureau in 1890 possessed hundreds of people doing that. It was expensive, and records took a long time. Then an engineer exercised how to make machines execute a lot of the work. Herman Hollerith invented a tabulating machine that could automatically accumulate information that the Census bureau collected. The Processing Tabulating Recording Corporation (which later became IBM) made his machines. They leased the machines instead of selling them. Producers of machines experienced long helped their users understand and repair them, and CTR's technology support was especially good.Due to machines such as this, new ways of speaking with these machines were created, and new types of machines were developed, and eventually the computer as we realize it was born.

Analog and Digital Computers
In the first fifty percent of the 20th hundred years, scientists started using computers, usually because scientists got a lot of math to determine and wished to spend more of their time thinking about technology questions instead of expending hours adding numbers together. For example, if indeed they had to unveiling a rocket dispatch, they needed to do a lot of math to make certain the rocket performed right. So they put together computer systems. These analog computers used analog circuits, which made them very hard to program. Within the 1930s, they developed digital pcs, and soon made them easier to program. Financial firms not the case as many consecutive endeavors have been designed to bring arithmetic logic to l3.Analogue computer systems are mechanical or gadgets which solve problems. some are used to control machines.